CHAPTER 23 Apr. 13 
When you sit to eat with a ruler, consider diligently what is before you; 2put a knife to your throat, if you are a man given to appetite. 3Don’t be desirous of his dainties, since they are deceitful food. 4Don’t weary yourself to be rich; in your wisdom, show restraint. 5Why do you set your eyes on that which is not? For it certainly sprouts wings like an eagle and flies in the sky. 6Don’t eat the food of him who has a stingy eye, and don’t crave his delicacies: 7for as he thinks about the cost, so he is. Eat and drink! he says to you, but his heart is not with you. 8The morsel which you have eaten you shall vomit up, and lose your good words.  9Don’t speak in the ears of a fool, for he will despise the wisdom of your words.  10Don’t move the ancient boundary stone; don’t encroach on the fields of the fatherless; 11for their Defender is strong, He will plead their case against you.  12Apply your heart to instruction, and your ears to the words of knowledge. 13Don’t withhold correction from a child. If you punish him with the rod, he will not die. 14Punish him with the rod, and save his soul from Sheol.  15My son, if your heart is wise, then my heart will be glad, even mine: 16yes, my heart will rejoice, when your lips speak what is right. 17Don’t let your heart envy sinners; but rather fear Yahweh all the day long. 18Indeed surely there is a future hope, and your hope will not be cut off. 19Listen, My son, and be wise, and keep your heart on the right path! 20Don’t keep company with those who drink too much wine, or those who gorge themselves on meat; 21for the drunkard and the glutton shall become poor; and drowsiness clothes them in rags. 22Listen to your father who gave you life, and don’t despise your mother when she is old. 23Buy the truth, and don’t sell it. Get wisdom, discipline, and understanding. 24The father of the righteous has great joy. Whoever fathers a wise child delights in him. 25Let your father and your mother be glad! Let her who bore you rejoice! 26My son, give me your heart; and let your eyes observe my ways. 27For a prostitute is a deep pit; and a Gentile woman is a narrow well. 28Yes, she lies in wait like a robber, and increases the unfaithful among men.  29Who has woe? Who has sorrow? Who has strife? Who has complaints? Who has needless bruises? Who has bloodshot eyes? 30Those who stay long at the wine; those who go to seek out mixed wine. 31Don’t look at the wine when it is red, when it sparkles in the cup, when it goes down smoothly. 32In the end, it bites like a snake, and poisons like a viper. 33Your eyes will see strange things, and your mind will imagine confusing things. 34Yes, you will be as he who lies down in the midst of the sea, or as he who lies on top of the rigging: 35They hit me, and I was not hurt! They beat me, and I don’t feel it! When will I wake up so that I can do it again? 

Commentary

23:5 He had all the right theory. Solomon was an active, industrious person by nature; and whilst all his many proverbs criticizing the lazy and glorifying the diligent are true as they stand, is there not in all this some element of self-justification, interpreting his own natural personality type as inherently righteous?
23:11 He will plead their case- God is here likened to the counsel for the defence in the final court of Divine justice. And yet He is also the judge of all. Each of the situations we find ourselves in is played out before the court of Heaven, and the judgment of the last day will be a statement of those judgments which are happening in our lives today. God hasn’t as it were turned off from this world, to open the books at the end of history and see how we behaved; He is watching and passionately judging today.
23:17 Envy of others just isn’t on our agenda if we are rejoicing in our relationship with God, and focused on the future hope we have of eternity in God’s Kingdom at Christ’s return (:18). These things eclipse any tendency to wish we were like the rich and powerful in this brief, fleeting life. See on 24:20.
23:26,27 Even when married to Gentile women, Solomon could charge his son to "observe my ways. For... a Gentile woman is a narrow well". The fact he himself had fallen into the pit of marriage to unbelievers just didn't seem to occur to him; he was sure that he was in fact an upright example. This passage reflects more than many the extent to which Solomon's conscience was so deeply damaged. For he wasn't saying 'Do as I say but not as I do'. He was beyond that- doing the very wrong that he warned others not to do, and confidently presenting himself to them as a good example. The death of conscience is something we have to watch against all our days.