Deeper Commentary

Psa 150:1

Praise Yah! Praise God in His sanctuary! Praise Him in His heavens for His acts of power!-
We note one of several connections between the sanctuary and the "heavens". The sanctuary was intended to be a shadowy reflection of the heavenly sanctuary (Heb. 9:24). The joy of heaven itself at Israel's final salvation was to be reflected in the restored sanctuary upon earth. The Psalm therefore has relevance to the exiles and their hope and potential for restoring the kingdom of Heaven upon earth in Israel.

Psa 150:2

Praise Him for His mighty acts!-
The "acts" retold with praise would be of God's saving grace in human history (as in Ps. 145:4,11,12); that will be our talk throughout eternity, and we should begin living the Kingdom life now.

Praise Him according to His excellent greatness!- The phrase used by David when dedicating the plans for building the first temple (1 Chron. 29:11). This makes the Psalm easily usable by the exiles rebuilding that temple.

Psa 150:3

Praise Him with the sounding of the trumpet! Praise Him with harp and lyre!-
The trumpet was sounded at the proclamation of the feasts (Ps. 81:3 s.w.), and this Psalm was likely used on those occasions. The sounding of the trumpet recalls the proclamation of a new king (1 Kings 1:39; 2 Kings 9:13). The situation in view may be the final proclamation of Messiah Jesus as King in the Kingdom.

Psa 150:4

Praise Him with tambourine and dancing! Praise Him with stringed instruments and flute!-
David asks Israel to join him in his praise on tambourine and harp (s.w. 2 Sam. 6:5,14-16) for the ark returning to Zion. It is based upon Israel's rejoicing after the deliverance from Egypt (Ex. 15:20). But these images all had special relevance to the possibilities at the restoration of the exiles. The young woman taking the timbrel and rejoicing in the dance once again is presented as the epitome of the restoration (Jer. 31:4,13), after the years of exile when Judah's dance had been turned to mourning (Lam. 5:15). The invitation to actually do this confirms the great theme observed so often- that the restoration from Babylon could have led to the restored Kingdom of God, but was precluded by Judah's impenitence. But the Psalm urges them to do these things, to "let" these things happen (Ps. 140:3) by as it were fulfilling the prophecies.

Psa 150:5

Praise Him with loud cymbals! Praise Him with resounding cymbals!-
The reference to cymbals again suggests the bringing of the ark to Zion as the initial reference of this Psalm (s.w. 2 Sam. 6:5). But it looks ahead to the coming of the Lord Jesus, the ultimate dwelling place of Yahweh, to Zion- and being proclaimed king (see on :3), at His second coming.

Psa 150:6

Let everything that has breath praise Yah! Praise Yah!-
This looks ahead to a time when all that has breath, which includes the natural creation, praising Yahweh. The picture is of all creation being spiritually aware and entering into the conscious spirituality of God's children (Rom. 8:22,23).

The LXX concludes with an extra Psalm:

"This Psalm is a genuine one of David, though supernumerary, composed when he fought in single combat with Goliad. I was small among my brethren, and youngest in my father's house: I tended my father's sheep. 
Psa 151:2  My hands formed a musical instrument, and my fingers tuned a psaltery. 
Psa 151:3  And who shall tell my Lord? the Lord himself, he himself hears. 
Psa 151:4  He sent forth his angel, and took me from my father's sheep, and he anointed me with the oil of his anointing. 
Psa 151:5  My brothers were handsome and tall; but the Lord did not take pleasure in them. 
Psa 151:6  I went forth to meet the Philistine; and he cursed me by his idols. 
Psa 151:7  But I drew his own sword, and beheaded him, and removed reproach from the children of Israel".